At the moment of its foundation after World War II, UNESCO was entrusted with a unique 
mission inscribed in its Constitution: “it is in the minds of men and women that the defences 
of peace must be constructed.” UNESCO has been carrying out this mission for over 70 years 
now, through education, culture, and the sciences, reaching out to local populations in every 
region of the world. The challenges faced by humanity at the beginning of this 21st century 
are no longer the same as those in 1945. But the need for multilateral cooperation is just as 
urgent. It is crucial to maintain and reinforce this cooperation, and to find original and 
innovative means to guarantee peace and sustainable development. There is no other 
alternative.
UNESCO was established in 1945 as a United Nations organization to contribute to peace 
and progress of humanity. In 1942-1944 during World War II, the education ministers of the 
allied countries held meetings in London and agreed to set up an international organization 
to reconstruct the educational system and build world peace. The representatives of 37 
countries adopted the UNESCO Charter in London on Nov. 16, 1945. As of December 2017, 
UNESCO is composed of 195 member states and 11 associate member countries. UNESCO’s 
mission is to contribute to world peace and sustainable development by promoting 
international cooperation.